A comprehensive review conducted by researchers from Paris Nanterre University, Paris Cité University, and the University of Southampton has critically evaluated hundreds of alternative treatments for autism, revealing that most lack solid evidence of efficacy. Published in *Nature Human Behaviour*, this analysis examined 248 meta-analyses from over 200 clinical trials involving more than 10,000 participants. The findings indicate that popular approaches such as probiotics, acupuncture, and music therapy do not hold up under scientific scrutiny, raising serious concerns about their safety, as many treatments have not been thoroughly evaluated for side effects.
Scope of the Review
The review focused on complementary, alternative, and integrative medicines (CAIMs) used for autism. Researchers assessed 19 different types of interventions, including animal-assisted therapies, herbal medicine, and Vitamin D supplementation. The sheer volume of treatments explored underscores the widespread interest in alternative solutions among autistic individuals and their families, with studies suggesting that up to 90% of autistic individuals have attempted at least one CAIM at some point.
Importance of Rigorous Evaluation
The researchers emphasized the necessity of rigorous randomized trials to ascertain the effectiveness of these alternative treatments. Professor Richard Delorme, a lead researcher, pointed out that many parents and autistic adults turn to alternative options in hopes of finding relief without adverse effects. However, he cautions against drawing conclusions from isolated studies, as they can lead to misleading interpretations of treatment efficacy.
Concerns Over Safety
One of the critical findings of this review is the lack of safety data for many treatments. Fewer than half of the evaluated interventions had undergone assessments for acceptability, tolerability, or adverse events. This gap in safety evaluation poses significant risks, particularly for vulnerable populations such as children with autism. Professor Samuele Cortese highlights the necessity of examining the whole body of evidence rather than relying on single studies, which are often low-quality.
Development of Online Resources
In addition to the findings, the research team has created an online platform that allows the public to more easily explore the scientific evidence surrounding various CAIMs. This tool is intended to aid autistic individuals and practitioners in making informed decisions about treatment options, informed by a comprehensive understanding of the available evidence.
Takeaway
This review is particularly important for families and individuals affected by autism, as it highlights the critical need for evidence-based approaches to treatment. Understanding that many alternative therapies lack substantial scientific backing can help guide families toward more effective, safer options. The emphasis on rigorous evaluation and on creating accessible resources is essential for empowering individuals with autism and their caregivers to make informed health decisions. In a landscape where misinformation can lead to harmful choices, this research serves as a crucial reminder of the importance of relying on solid scientific evidence when considering treatment options.
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